Said Sannuga

Ribosome Function    |    Said Sannuga

A detailed animation that covers all the central steps in prokaryotic translation (including initiation, elongation and termination steps with many of the individual protein factors involved in each).

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ATP Synthase – Part II    |    Said Sannuga

View from above and then below the F1 domain along the rotating γ-subunit.

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ATP Synthase – Part III    |    Said Sannuga

How the rotating γ-subunit imposes the conformational states on a β-subunit required for substrate binding, ATP formation and ATP release.

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ATP Synthase – Part IV    |    Said Sannuga

Three conformations of a catalytic β-subunit produced by 120º rotations of the central γ-subunit.

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ATP Synthase – Part V    |    Said Sannuga

Changes in the positions of sidechains in the catalytic site of F1-ATPase bringing about binding and subsequent hydrolysis of ATP.

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